さて、シリーズ第三弾です。
今回も、ノーちゃん監修のもと、ガンガン行きましょう。
その２の例文中の英語表現を、英語のまま理解していきたいですね～。
「We gave Mr.Kasugai a lot of trouble」の中の「give + somebody + trouble」と言う形を、和訳なしで理解してください。
英英辞典等で調べると、give (somebody) (some, no, much, a lot of, etc) trouble = cause problems or difficultiesとなっています。
で、説明で使われた単語も英英で確認すると
cause = make something happen
problem = a thing that is difficult to deal with or to understand
difficulty = a problem / a thing or situation that causes problems
では、例文を読んで、イメージが湧くかどうか、、、、
My broken leg has been giving me a lot of trouble lately.
My father’s knee is giving him that much trouble. He needs to see the doctor.
You shouold not give the police any trouble if you don’t want to be arrested.
英語脳を作るための練習ですから、和訳はつけませんよ、あしからず。
では、理解を深めるために、「We gave Mr.Kasugai a lot of trouble」とほぼ同じ意味を表す別の英文を以下にいくつか挙げてみましょう。
= We caused Mr.Kasugai a lot of problems.
= We gave Mr.Kasugai a hard time.
= We were a big headache for Mr.Kasugai.
= We troubled Mr.Kasugai a great deal.
= We made things difficult for Mr.Kasugai.
= We caused Mr.Kasugai significant stress. などなど、様々な言い方が可能です。
これらの六つの英文の中で、訳さずにイメージが湧くものがあれば、それが元の英文とほぼ同じ意味だと考えてかまいません。
以上のように、英英辞典を使って、英語のまま理解することに慣れて行けば、徐々にあなたの「英語脳」が活性化していきます。
では、その１やその２で練習したように、原文を元に、パーツ入れ替え・時制・肯定・否定・疑問等の変換作業で遊びながら、この表現を自分で使いこなせるようになりましょう。
We gave Mr.Kasugai a lot of troubleが原文です。
Higashida gave Mr.Kasugai a lot of trouble.
I didn’t give Mr.Kasugai any trouble.
Did you give Mr.Kasugai any trouble?
Is he giving his father a lot of trouble?
She is giving her sister a lot of trouble.
「動物・もの・こと」も主語にしてみましょう。
The recipe gave me no trouble at all.
Does the cat give you any trouble with its behavior?
(behavior = acts, actions, or habits, etc)
Will this project give us any trouble in the future?
The traffic gave us much trouble on our way to the airport.
The exam gave the students no trouble.
英英で意味を確認した箇所の英文、My broken leg has been giving me a lot of trouble latelyなども活用しましょう。
Her broken arm has been giving her a lot of trouble lately.
His broken finger has been giving him some trouble lately.
My mother’s knee is giving her much trouble. She needs to see the doctor.
Is your knee giving you any trouble? Do you need to see the doctor?
Kawaguchi’s knees aren’t giving him any trouble at all. He doesn’t need to see the doctor.
原文とほぼ同じ意味を表す六つの英文のパターンも少し使ってみます。
The new software gave us no problem during the installation.
Did the dog make things difficult for you while I was away?
The storm gave the town a hard time last night.
The weather caused the hikers some problems.
Will the new rules give the team any trouble?
These kinds of math problems always seem to give me much trouble.
(math = mathematics)
Wild wolves in Europe have been giving people there a lot of serious problems these days.
(serious = bad or dangerous)
Wild bears in Japan have been causing some Japanese people a lot of grave problems lately.
(grave = very serious / giving you a reason to feel worried)
Urban pigeons often trouble people in cities a great deal.
(urban = connected with a town or city)
Are pigeons in your town giving you a lot of trouble?
A lot of cars illegally parked near the shop cause the shop owner some problems.
どうでしょうか？
かなりの量、このパターンを使って英文を作成してみました。
和訳なしの英文をそのまま理解することに、慣れてきましたか？
では、最後に、原文とほぼ同じ意味を表す六つの英文（上で挙げたもの）の形を確認して、例文をひとつ挙げますので、この六パターンも身に付けましょう。
We caused Mr.Kasugai a lot of problems.「cause + somebody+ problem(s)」
This old car causes me a lot of problems every winter.
We gave Mr.Kasugai a hard time.「give + somebody + a hard time」
The broken printer gave the office staff a hard time.
We were a big headache for Mr.Kasugai.「S + be + a big headache for + somebody」
A lot of homework is often a big headache for schoolchildren.
We troubled Mr.Kasugai a great deal.「trouble + somebody + a great deal」
Your dog troubled me a great deal yesterday.
We made things difficult for Mr.Kasugai.「make things difficult for + somebody」
The new policy made things difficult for the employees.
We caused Mr.Kasugai significant stress.「cause + somebody + significant stress」
The new schedule caused the workers significant stress.
(significant = large or important / serious / great / major , etc)
英文には和訳がついていないので、多少、不安もあるかもしれませんが、、、
徐々に、皆さんの「英語脳」が機能し始めますので、ご安心のほどを。
＊英文を和訳しない⇒辞書は英英を使う。
＊原文を元に、変換作業を素早く、大量に⇒英語の語順・形を脳内にインプット！
＊類義語・類義表現も英語のまま理解するように努める⇒徐々に、訳なしでも苦にならなくなる！
繰り返しになりますが、以上の点が肝要です。
では、今回はこのくらいにしておきます。